He aha ke ʻano o ka absorption coefficient o nā capacitors kiʻiʻoniʻoni e pili ana?ʻO ka liʻiliʻi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi?

Ma mua o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka coefficient absorption o nā capacitors kiʻiʻoniʻoni, e nānā kākou i ke ʻano o ka dielectric, ka polarization o kahi dielectric a me ke ʻano absorption o kahi capacitor.

Dielectric

ʻO ka dielectric he mea hoʻokele ʻole, ʻo ia hoʻi, he insulator, me ka ʻole o ka uku kūloko e hiki ke neʻe. ma lalo o ka hana a ka ikaika kahua uila, akā, ʻaʻole "macroscopic neʻe" mai ka ʻātoma kahi o lākou, e like me nā electrons manuahi i kahi conductor.Ke loaʻa ka equilibrium electrostatic, ʻaʻole zero ka ikaika o ka māla i loko o ka dielectric.ʻO kēia ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā waiwai uila o nā dielectrics a me nā conductors.

Polarization dielectric

Ma lalo o ka hana a ke kahua uila i hoʻopili ʻia, ʻike ʻia kahi manawa dipole macroscopic i loko o ka dielectric ma ke ala o ke kahua uila, a ʻike ʻia kahi uku paʻa ma ka ʻili dielectric, ʻo ia ka polarization o ka dielectric.

ʻO ke ʻano o ka absorption

ke kaʻina hana lag i ke kaʻina hana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana o ka capacitor ma muli o ka polarization lohi o ka dielectric ma lalo o ka hana o ke kahua uila.ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo maʻamau e koi ʻia ka capacitor e hoʻopiha koke ʻia, akā ʻaʻole i hoʻopiha koke ʻia;pono ka capacitor e hoʻokuʻu loa i ka hoʻopiʻi, akā ʻaʻole ia i hoʻokuʻu ʻia, a hiki mai ka hanana lag.

Ka helu hoʻopalekana o ka capacitor kiʻiʻoniʻoni

ʻO ka waiwai i hoʻohana ʻia no ka wehewehe ʻana i ke ʻano dielectric absorption o nā capacitors kiʻiʻoniʻoni i kapa ʻia ʻo absorption coefficient, a ua ʻōlelo ʻia e Ka.ʻO ka hopena dielectric absorption o nā capacitors kiʻiʻoniʻoni e hoʻoholo i nā hiʻohiʻona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o nā capacitors, a ʻokoʻa ka waiwai Ka no nā capacitors dielectric like ʻole.ʻOkoʻa nā hopena ana no nā lōʻihi hoʻokolohua like ʻole o ka capacitor hoʻokahi;ʻokoʻa ka waiwai Ka no nā capacitors o ka kikoʻī like, nā mea hana like ʻole, a me nā pūʻulu like ʻole.

No laila, ʻelua mau nīnau i kēia manawa-

Q1.He liʻiliʻi paha ka helu absorption o nā capacitors kiʻiʻoniʻoni?

Q2.He aha nā hopena maikaʻi ʻole o kahi koena absorption nui?

A1:

Ma lalo o ka hana o ke kahua uila i hoʻohana ʻia: ʻo Ka liʻiliʻi (ka mea hoʻemi absorption liʻiliʻi) → ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka polarization o ka dielectric (ʻo ia hoʻi ka insulator) → ka haʻahaʻa o ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa ma ka ʻili dielectric → ka liʻiliʻi o ka ikaika hoʻopaʻa o ka dielectric i ka hoʻouka ʻana. → ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ke ʻano absorption o ka capacitor → ke hoʻopiʻi a me ka hoʻokuʻu wikiwiki ʻana o ka capacitor.ʻO ke kūlana kūpono: ʻo Ka 0, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻo ka absorption coefficient he 0, ʻo ka dielectric (ʻo ia hoʻi ka insulator) ʻaʻohe mea polarization ma lalo o ka hana o ke kahua uila i hoʻopili ʻia, ʻaʻohe mana hoʻopaʻa paʻa o ka dielectric i ka hoʻopiʻi, a me ka pane capacitor a me ka hoʻokuʻu. ʻaʻohe hysteresis.No laila, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka coefficient absorption o ka capacitor film.

A2:

ʻO ka hopena o ka capacitor me ka waiwai Ka nui loa ma nā kaapuni like ʻole e hōʻike iā ia iho ma nā ʻano like ʻole, penei.

1) Lilo kaapuni okoa i mau kaapuni hui

2) Hoʻonui ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana o ka nalu sawtooth, a no laila ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla koke ke kaapuni

3) Nā palena, nā mea hoʻopaʻa paʻa, ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana i ka hawewe puka haiki

4) ʻO ka manawa mau o ka kānana hoʻomaʻamaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e lilo i mea nui

(5) Ua hoʻopilikia ʻia ka helu ʻole o ka DC amplifier, hoʻokahi ala neʻe

6） Ke emi nei ka pololei o ka laʻana a me ka paʻa kaapuni

7) Drift o ka wahi hana DC o ka mea hoʻonui laina

8) Hoʻonui ʻia ka ripple ma ke kaapuni lako mana

ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā hana a pau o ka dielectric absorption hopena mai ke ʻano o ka "inertia" o ka capacitor, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka waiwai i manaʻo ʻia, a ʻo ia hoʻi ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana.

ʻOkoʻa ka pale insulation (a i ʻole leakage current) o kahi capacitor me ka waiwai Ka nui aʻe me ka capacitor kūpono (Ka = 0) i ka piʻi ʻana me ka manawa hoʻāʻo lōʻihi (e emi ana ka leakage).ʻO ka manawa hoʻāʻo i kēia manawa i ʻōlelo ʻia ma Kina he hoʻokahi minuke.